What is ADHD?
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental condition that affects how children regulate their attention, impulses, and energy levels. In Australia, ADHD affects around 1 in 20 children, and it often begins to show before the age of 12.
It’s more than just occasional forgetfulness or bursts of energy. ADHD can impact learning, behaviour, relationships, and self-esteem,which is why early recognition is key.
What Are the Early Signs of ADHD in Children?
The signs of ADHD typically fall into two categories: inattentive behaviours and hyperactive/impulsive behaviours. Children may show signs from one or both categories.
Inattentive Symptoms
- Difficulty sustaining attention during tasks or play
- Often seems not to listen when spoken to
- Regularly loses items (toys, homework, etc.)
- Struggles to follow instructions
- Easily distracted by unrelated stimuli
- Avoids tasks that require mental effort
- Frequently forgetful, even in daily routines
Hyperactive and Impulsive Symptoms
- Difficulty sustaining attention during tasks or play
- Often seems not to listen when spoken to
- Regularly loses items (toys, homework, etc.)
- Struggles to follow instructions
- Easily distracted by unrelated stimuli
- Avoids tasks that require mental effort
- Frequently forgetful, even in daily routines
These behaviours must occur across different settings, like home, school, or childcare, and be present for at least six months to suggest ADHD.
When Should Parents Seek Help for ADHD?
If your child is showing a consistent pattern of these behaviours and it’s starting to affect their schoolwork, friendships or home life, it might be time to take the next step.
Red flags include:
- Teacher concerns about focus or behaviour
- Struggles persisting despite structure and support
- Emotional distress or frustration from the child
What to do:
-
- Document behaviours across different environments
- Speak with your GP, who may refer you to a child psychologist or paediatrician
- Request an ADHD assessment through an NDIS-registered or private provider
Age-Based Signs: What to Look for at Different Stages
Preschoolers (Ages 3–5)
- Intense tantrums or inability to sit still
- Constant movement, even when expected to stay calm
- Difficulty participating in structured activities like storytime
Primary School (Ages 6–12)
- Frequently distracted during class
- Messy schoolwork or unfinished tasks
- Social issues due to interrupting or not picking up on social cues
Teenagers (Ages 13+)
- Poor time management and procrastination
- Emotional outbursts or impulsive decisions
- Difficulty with organisation and long-term assignments
ADHD Myths vs Reality
Myth:
Girls often present with more subtle, inattentive symptoms
Reality:
ADHD is a neurodevelopmental condition, not a discipline issue
Myth:
Kids will ‘outgrow it’
Reality:
ADHD often continues into adolescence and adulthood
Myth:
Medication is the only option
Reality:
Treatment should always be multi-faceted, including behavioural therapy, coaching, and educational support
What Does an ADHD Assessment Involve?
In Australia, a paediatric ADHD assessment often includes:
- Interviews with parents, teachers, and the child
- Behaviour rating scales
- Observations and psychological testing
- Review of developmental, medical and academic history
It’s usually done by a team: a GP starts the process, and a child psychologist and/or paediatrician provides the diagnosis.
Important tip: Waitlists can be long, so it’s worth asking your GP about both public and private options. At HealthSync Care, we provide a private option for families in New South Wales, with minimal wait times.
Tips for Parents While Awaiting Diagnosis
In Australia, a paediatric ADHD assessment often includes:
- Interviews with parents, teachers, and the child
- Behaviour rating scales
- Observations and psychological testing
- Review of developmental, medical and academic history
It’s usually done by a team: a GP starts the process, and a child psychologist and/or paediatrician provides the diagnosis.
Important tip: Waitlists can be long, so it’s worth asking your GP about both public and private options. At HealthSync Care, we provide a private option for families in New South Wales, with minimal wait times.
Frequently Asked Questions About ADHD
Can a child have both ADHD and autism?
Yes. Many children are diagnosed with both ADHD and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). This is called a co-occurring or dual diagnosis.
How long does the ADHD diagnosis process take?
It varies, but from referral to diagnosis it can take anywhere from a few weeks to several months depending on access to specialists.
Is medication always necessary?
No. Some children benefit from therapy, coaching, and adjustments at school. Medications may be recommended but aren’t always the first step.
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